space-public.html

Public Space

By Aiyana Berne

People's Park of Berkeley was appropriated by the people from the university in 1969 as "a haven for persons evicted by the dominant society, as a place for political activism, and as a symbolic stronghold between university planners and city residents" (Lyford in Mitchell, 1995: 109). The park featured items such a Free Speech stage and a Free Box (for clothing) (Mitchell, 1995: 110). For twenty years local residents maintained de facto control of the park, although the university, which still owned the land, periodically announced plans for improvement . In 1989, the University made more concrete plans to build sports facilities for students (109).

In response to local opposition, University planners placed themselves within the rhetoric of good and bad citizens --no doubt taking strength from Bush's well-intentioned yet racist, sexist, ageist war on drugs--announcing intentions to reappropriate the park for the middle-class, from the homeless and other undesirables (Lynch in Mitchell, 1995: 110). For a week, police battled the homeless and other protesters in an effort to gain military control of the park (Mitchell, 1995: 114). The police won, and a few days later, university officials offered to let student employees leave work early if those students would play volleyball on the new courts (114).

Homeless people are being evicted from one public space after another in an effort to make America seem like a nice, safe, upscale place to live (see: The Burnside Cadillac)**LINK TO THE BURNSIDE CADILLAC**, but it is not just the homeless who are losing ground in the war over public space. For their own safety, many women will not go alone to public parks or streets during certain hours of the day. Groups of minorities and young people are excluded from the same spaces, ostensibly for the safety of everyone else. Even rich white men (the only people who are not officially advised against entering the public domain) are making an exodus from many public spaces, preferring to remain within the tranquillity of their own private fortresses.

FEAR OF THE PARK

UNFREEDOM OF ASSEMBLY

THE RESIDENTIAL ARMS RACE

CONCEPTUALIZING SPACE